*DepartmentofNutrition, CollegeofBiologicalScience, University ofGuelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, NlG2W1. Four different transfected BEAS-2B lines overexpressing P450s 2A6, 3A4, 2F1, and 2E1 (B-CMV2A6, B-CMV3A4, B … A high dose (550 mg/kg) of 3-methylindole (3MI) specifically damaged pulmonary tissue in Swiss-Webster mice without causing any hepatic or renal necro… The Koc of 3-methylindole is estimated as approximately 600 (SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 2.60 (1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation (2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme (3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 3-methylindole has low mobility in soil (SRC). The toxicity of 3MI is organ, cell, and species specific. Previous work with ruminants has demonstrated that type I alveolar epithelial and … Electron microscopic studies of lungs reveal extensive degeneration and necrosis of alveolar membranous pneumocytes and bronchiolar epithelium. Enhancement of tissue vitamin E did not significantly affect 3-methylindole toxicity. FDA UNII. APBEE is an acute pulmonary toxicosis caused by L-tryptophan (found in lush green grasses) which is converted to 3-methylindole in the rumen. 3-Methylindole. The selective expression and catalytic activity of certain cytochrome P450 enzymes in lung cells are major factors in the pulmonary toxicity of … Damage to lung tissue can result from exposure to a variety of chemicals in the internal and external environment. 83-34-1. Forty goats were given high protein, normal protein, high cysteine, high sulfate or diethyl maleate (DEM) to vary tissue concentrations of GSH before i.v. Abstract. Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source; mouse: LD50: intraperitoneal > 262mg/kg (262mg/kg) Yakugaku Zasshi. Abstract. 2003; 71:229–236. Causes serious eye irritation. Transfected BEAS-2B cells that express different cytochrome P450 enzymes were used to assess whether human bronchial epithelial cell lines are target cells for 3-methylindole (3MI)-induced damage. 3-Methylindole (3MI) is an anaerobic fermentation product of tryptophan, formed in the large intestine of man (Fordtran et al., 1964; Yokoyama and Carlson, 1979). 83-34-1: EINECS NO. Together they form a unique fingerprint. Chemicals gain access to the lung through the large alveolar surface areas (1 m 2 /kg body wt. 3-Methylindole (3MI) is a pneumotoxic metabolite of tryptophan fermentation in ruminants. Acute toxicity (Oral). : 682866: Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture: Identified: Laboratory chemical uses: R&D: Uses advised against: HPC Standards GmbH Am Wieseneck 7 04451 Cunnersdorf Deutschland Tel. 3-Methylindole (3MI), a highly selective pneumotoxin in ruminants, horses, sheep and rodents, is an anaerobic bacterial fermentation product of tryptophan formed in the rumen of ruminants and in the large intestine of man. KUBOW S ET AL; THE SPIN-TRAPPING OF ENZYMATICALLY AND CHEMICALLY CATALYZED FREE RADICALS FROM INDOLIC COMPOUNDS; BIOCHEM BIOPHYS RES COMMUN 114(1) 168 … [2-Methylindoles substituted in the 1st, 3d and 5th positions and the diffuse neuroendocrine APUD system]. PMID: 8042858 [Indexed for MEDLINE] Publication Types: Review; MeSH terms. Alternatively, human lungs can be directly exposed to 3-MI formed during protein pyrolysis and inhalation of tobacco smoke. Introduction 3-Methylindole (3MI) is formed by the decarboxylation of a fermentation product of tryptophan in the large intestine of humans (1). T M Bray et al. Eye irritation. A locked padlock) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Four different transfected BEAS-2B lines overexpressing P450s 2A6, 3A4, 2F1, and 2E1 (B-CMV2A6, B-CMV3A4, B-CMV2F1, and B-CMV2E1), respectively, … Find 3-Methylindole, Flavis No. Nine goats assigned to … Depletion of glutathione with diethylmaleate decreased the onset and increased the extent of cell death with 3MI. Turk MA, Flory W, Henk WG. 3-MI is metabolized by mixed-function oxidases to a reactive intermediate which may play a role in 3-MI-induced pneumotoxicity. Possible degradation pathway of 3-methylindole was proposed. Ionizing radiation is an effective technology for 3-methylindole degradation. National Library of Medicine. Chemical modulation of 3-methylindole toxicosis in mice: effect on bronchiolar and olfactory mucosal injury. The toxicity of 3-methylindole (3 MI), a selective pneumotoxin, is dependent upon cytochrome P450-mediated bioactivation 3. reactive intermediates (1). 3-Methylindole is described as having fairly broad bacteriostatic effects, has been shown to disrupt bacterial biofilm development, has been implicated as a … The present experiment was designed to determine the effect of tissue concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and GSH-S-transferase activity on 3-methylindole (3MI)-induced pulmonary toxicity in vivo. Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation Category 3 Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard Category 2. Thomas D.E., Pedigo, N.W., R.E. 95-20-5 - BHNHHSOHWZKFOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N - 2-Methylindole - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. A high dose (550 mg/kg) of 3-methylindole (3MI) specifically damaged pulmonary tissue in Swiss-Webster mice without causing any hepatic or renal necro… The toxicity of 3-methylindole, 1-nitronaphthalene and paraquat has been studied in precision-cut rat lung slice cultures. Identification Product Name 3-Methylindole Cat No. Nutrition and 3-methylindole-induced lung injury. Products. Forty goats were given high protein, normal protein, The toxicity was ameliorated by pretreatment with 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT). diethyl maleate 10%. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 1985, 46:1619-1624. Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System 13%. The toxicity of 3-methylindole, 1-nitronaphthalene and paraquat has been studied in precision-cut rat lung slice cultures. SKATOLE refers to 3-methylindole. Bray TM(1), Emmerson KS. U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information. 3-Methylindole (3 MI) is a selective pulmonary toxicant, and cytochrome P450 (P450) bioactivation of 3 MI, through hydroxylation, epoxidation, or dehydrogenation pathways, is a prerequisite for toxicity. Author information: (1)Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Read "Putative Mechanisms of Toxicity of 3-Methylindole: From Free Radical to Pneumotoxicosis, Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology" on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or … Human lung microsomes were prepared from eight organ transplantation donors and liver microsomes from one of the donors were utilized. In the case of ruminants excessive 3MI production causes selective pulmonary toxicity which can be … Lung slices were prepared from male Sprague-Dawley rats using an agarose gel instilling technique with a Krumdieck tissue slicer and cultured for 24 h in a dynamic organ culture system. 3-Methylindole (3MI) is constitutively produced by anaerobic bacterial fermentation of tryptophan in mammalian intestines. springer. : AC127030000; AC127030100; AC127030250; AC127031000 CAS-No 83-34-1 Synonyms Skatole Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. enzymic radical formation from 3-methylindole suggests a microsomal-activated free radical mechanism for the specificity of 3-methylindole-induced pulmonary toxicity. Indole and its derivatives are metabolites produced by the metabolism of tryptophan catalyzed by intestinal microorganisms. Here, we examined the involvement of cannabinoid CB(1) receptors in striatal degeneration in the rat model of this disease generated by administration of 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP). : AC127020000; AC127021000; AC127025000 CAS No 95-20-5 Synonyms No information available Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Scientific and Technical Information Skin irritation. Science 176:298-299, 1972 10 Durham SK, Castleman WL Pulmonary lesions in- duced by 3-methylindole in mice. In the case of ruminants excessive 3MI production causes selective pulmonary toxicity which can be fatal (Carlson and Yost, 1989; Yost, 1989). In ruminants and horses, the most susceptible species, the lung is the target organ. Four different transfected BEAS-2B lines overexpressing P450s 2A6, 3A4, 2F1, and 2E1 (B-CMV2A6, B-CMV3A4, B-CMV2F1, and B-CMV2E1), respectively, … Toxicity. and R. E. Beadle, Pulmonary Dynamics of 3- Methylindole Toxicity in Horses. A significant amount of skatole can also be inhaled during cigarette smoking. 3-Methylindole (3-MI) is a pneumotoxic metabolite of L-tryptophan that can form in the digestive tracts of humans and ruminants as a result of microbial protein metabolism. Experimental evidence showed that 3MI is metabolically activated by both microsomal cytochrome P … Chemical research in toxicology, 2(5), 273-279 (1989-09-01) Bioactivation of 3-methylindole (3MI), a highly selective pneumotoxin in goats, was investigated in human lung and liver tissues in order to provide information about the susceptibility of humans to 3MI toxicity. Human lung microsomes were prepared from eight organ transplantation donors and liver microsomes from one of the donors were /selected/. Authors J R Carlson, T M Bray. Skatole (3-methylindole, 3MI) is a naturally occurring microbial metabolite produced from tryptophan in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants (Yokoyama and Carlson, 1979), humans (Fordtran et al., 1964), and pigs (Jensen et al., 1995). Indole-3-carbinol was produced … Articles of 3-Methylindole are included as well. Ruminal administration of 3-methylindole in goats severe pulmonary edema and respiratory distress. Young animals are resistant. Search terms: Advanced search options. 3-methylindole-induced toxicity to human bronchial epithelial cell lines. the acute toxicity and/or mutagenicity of this chemical. Causes skin irritation. Skatole or 3-methylindole is a mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound belonging to the indole family. 3MI is a well known acute pneumotoxin for cattle and it has important implications for pig meat production.. … … Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) Category 3 Target Organs - Respiratory system. The metabolic basis of 3-methylindole and perilla ketone toxicity should be borne in mind when using these models, because many drugs, dietary factors or feed changes can induce or inhibit mixed function oxidase activity and in consequence alter the degree of metabolic activation of parent compounds. 3MI is a well known acute pneumotoxin for cattle and it has important implications for pig meat production.. … Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 34, 91 … The relationship between the pulmonary toxicity of 3- methylindole (3MI, skatole) and the mixed-function oxidase (MFO) system was investigated. The … Human lung microsomes were prepared from eight organ transplantation donors and liver microsomes from one of the donors were … 9W945B5H7R. All Photos (1) ... Putative mechanisms of toxicity of 3-methylindole: from free radical to pneumotoxicosis. 3-methylindole: an ingested substance that causes damage to pulmonary tissue and the development of atypical interstitial pneumonia in cattle and horses. +49 34291 3372-39 contact@hpc-standards.com: 3-Methylindole (3MI) is an anaerobic bacterial fermentation product of tryptophan that is produced in the rumen and large intestine of animals. Upon formation, 3MI becomes systemically circulated yet displays preferential pneumotoxicity with high 3-Methylindole (3MI) is an anaerobic fermentation product of tryptophan, formed in the large intestine of man (Fordtran et al., 1964; Yokoyama and Carlson, 1979).In addition to natural production, cigarette smoke provides a significant source of exposure to 3MI for man because 3MI is formed by pyrolysis of tryptophan in burning tobacco and has … Cell Line 33%. ... being treated for respiratory disease than animals with lower serum 3MI.2 3-methylindole must be metabolized to induce toxicity. Bioactivation of 3-methylindole (3MI), a highly selective pneumotoxin in goats, was investigated in human lung and liver tissues in order to provide information about the susceptibility of humans to 3MI toxicity. 3-Methylindole Revision Date 30-Oct-2018 3-Methylindole LD50 = 3450 mg/kg ( Rat ) Not listed Not listed Toxicologically Synergistic Products No information available Delayed and immediate effects as well as chronic effects from short and long-term exposure Irritation Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin Sensitization No information available Several days before onset … By activating nuclear receptors, regulating intestinal hormones, and affecting the biological effects of bacteria as signaling … C9-H9-N. Molecular Weight. Introduction. ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : … Thomas, D.E. T M Bray et al. Am J Patholl21: 128- 137, 1985 11 Gram TE, Okine LK, Gram RA: The metabolism of xenobiotics by certain extrahepatic organs and its rela- tion to toxicity. ... cytochrome P450 enzymes were used to assess whether human bronchial epithelial cell lines are target cells for 3-methylindole (3MI)-induced damage. Skatole (3-methylindole, 3MI) is a naturally occurring microbial metabolite produced from tryptophan in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants (Yokoyama and Carlson, 1979), humans (Fordtran et al., 1964), and pigs (Jensen et al., 1995). Chemsrc provides 3-Methylindole(CAS#:83-34-1) MSDS, density, melting point, boiling point, structure, formula, molecular weight etc. Weanling male CD-1 mice received 3-MI dissolved in corn oil by intraperitoneal injection and were studied at intervals from 2 to 360 hours after treatment. Product Name 2-Methylindole Cat No. 3-Methylindole: Catalog No. Mutation Data and Reference. Several neurotransmitter systems are involved in the pathogenesis of Huntington's disease. 3-Methylindole (skatole), produced from tryptophan by anaerobic bacteria in the animal intestinal tract and environment, is one of the most notorious compounds with fecal odor in animal wastes, … The toxicity of 3-methylindole (3 MI), a selective pneumotoxin, is dependent upon cytochrome P450-mediated bioactivation 3. Dive into the research topics of '3-methylindole-induced toxicity to human bronchial epithelial cell lines'. Putative mechanisms of toxicity of 3-methylindole: from free radical to pneumotoxicosis. 3-Methylindole (3-MI) is a metabolite of tryptophan which causes acute pulmonary edema and emphysema in ruminants when administered orally or intravenously. JP EN. 1983;5:31-55. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4613-9937-7_3. Sakatole is also described as a white, crystalline, water soluble solid, C 9 H 9 N, having a strong, fecal odor: used chiefly as a fixative in the manufacture of perfume. Treatment of rat lung slices with 3-methylindole, … Applications Products Services Support. Using vaccinia-expressed P450 enzymes, the metabolites of radiolabeled 3 MI produced by 14 individual P450s were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. G S Yost. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use. 1-Methylindole | C9H9N | CID 11781 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 34, 91-115 (1994-01-01) ... Mechanisms of 3-methylindole pneumotoxicity. System Generated Number. Smiles Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12 Download. 3-Methylindole 3-MI beta-Methylindole Scatole Skatol Skatole. Abstract. Thus, 3MI is cytotoxic to immortalized bronchial epithelial cells overexpressing 2F1 without concomitant depletion of GSH, but depletion of GSH modestly enhances the … Previous work has shown that bioactivation of the cigarette smoke pneumotoxicant 3-methylindole (3MI) by pulmonary cytochrome P450 enzymes is directly G S Yost. 3-Methylindole 3-MI beta-Methylindole Scatole Skatol Skatole. Pharmacokinetics of Small Doses of 3- Methylindole given to Horses. The toxicity of 3-methylindole, 1-nitronaphthalene and paraquat has been studied in precision-cut rat lung slice cultures. Lung slices were prepared from male Sprague-Dawley rats using an agarose gel instilling technique with a Krumdieck tissue slicer and cultured for 24 h in a dynamic organ culture system. SAFETY DATA SHEET Creation Date 11-Oct-2010 Revision Date 30-Oct-2018 Revision Number 5 1. CYP2F1 and CYP2F3 exclusively catalyze the dehydrogenation of 3 MI to 3-methyleneindolenine, without detectable formation of the … In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays: TOLED5 277,1,2017: Mutation Data and Reference. 3-Methylindole (3MI) is a species- and organ-selective pneumotoxin, showing its highest toxicity in goats and cattle, followed by rodents, while rabbits are relatively resistant to 3MI toxicity . Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source; cattle: LDLo: intravenous: 60mg/kg (60mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR … Chemical research in toxicology, 2(5), 273-279 (1989-09-01) Abstract. Abstract. 3-Methylindole (3-MI, ska-tole)-induced lung disease is an excellent example of pulmonary toxicity in which formation offree radicals bymetabolic activation is involved in theinitial step of pulmonarytoxicosis. We have shown that cells containing tryptophanase catalyze the formation of 2-methyl-L-tryptophan from 2-methylindole and L-serine, and from 2-methylindole, pyruvate and ammonium ion. +49 34291 3372-36 Fax. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. 3-methylindole-induced toxicity to human bronchial epithelial cell lines. Depletion of glutathione with diethylmaleate decreased the onset and increased the extent of cell death with 3MI. 3-Methylindole is a selective pneumotoxin that is oxidized by cytochrome P-450 enzymes to a reactive intermediate. In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays: TOLED5 277,1,2017: Toxicity in humans is not known, despite significant human exposures to 3MI from intestinal absorption after tryptophan … Drug / Therapeutic Agent. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 26:259- 291, 1986 Using vaccinia-expressed P450 enzymes, the metabolites of radiolabeled 3 MI produced by 14 individual P450s were identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. Hazard statements: May be harmful if swallowed. GHS Label Elements Aquatic Toxicity : Toxicity. Enzymes responsible for the bioactivation of 3MI are P450s and prostaglandin H synthetase … Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 34, 91-115 (1994-01-01) ... Mechanisms of 3-methylindole pneumotoxicity. Cell Death 5%. Bioactivation of 3-methylindole (3MI), a highly selective pneumotoxin in goats, was investigated in human lung and liver tissues in order to provide information about the susceptibility of humans to 3MI toxicity. Beadle and J.I. with 3-methylindole. 3-Methylindole (3MI) is constitutively produced by anaerobic bacterial fermentation of tryptophan in mammalian intestines. 3MI is a constituent of cigarette smoke. The present experiment was designed to determine the effect of tissue concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and GSH-S-transferase activity on 3-methylindole (3MI)-induced pulmonary toxicity in vivo. CAS Registry Number. The most severe functional changes … The Pneumotoxin 3-Methylindole Is a Substrate and a Mechanism-Based Inactivator of CYP2A13, a Human Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Preferentially Expressed in the Respiratory Tract ... Dehydrogenation of the Indoline-Containing Drug 4-Chloro-N-(2-methyl-1-indolinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide (Indapamide) by CYP3A4: Correlation with in Silico Predictions. The interaction between host and microorganism widely affects the immune and metabolic status. Putative mechanisms of toxicity of 3-methylindole: from free radical to pneumotoxicosis. In addition to ... Yan et al., 2007). Electron spin-trapping techniques have been used to investigate the in … 0000083341. 14.004 and other food and flavor ingredients at Sigma-Aldrich.com. Skatole (3-methylindole) is a product of bacterial fermentation of tryptophan in the intestine. Acute aquatic toxicity. The morphogenesis of pulmonary lesions and associated edema induced by the pulmonary toxicant 3-methylindole (3-MI) was studied by combined light and transmission electron microscopy. T M Bray et al. Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation Category 3 Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard Category 2. The biodegradation mechanisms of 3-methylindole by bacteria are not well understood and this appears to be due in part to the toxicity of this compound towards microorganisms. Putative mechanisms of toxicity of 3-methylindole: from free radical to pneumotoxicosis. Molecular Formula. The addition of 3-methylindole to actively peroxidizing microsomes (NADPH-supported) caused an immediate cessation of malondialdehyde production. Conclusion. Apoptosis 17%. National Center for Biotechnology Information. ... Mace K, Pfeifer AM, Carr BA, Minko T, Burchiel SW, Yost GS. Nutrition and 3-methylindole-induced lung injury Adv Nutr Res. Products. Les auteurs ont également examiné le comportement du méthyl-3 indol et de l'acide indoyl-3 acétique et discuté leurs réactions anormales. 4. By contrast, the acute toxicity and chronic toxicity of 3-methylindole obviously decreased after radiation treatment. National Institutes of Health. … The behavior of 3-methylindole and 3-indylacetic acid was also studied and the anomalous reaction noted. 3-Methylindole (3MI) is formed by the decarboxylation of a fermentation product of tryptophan in the large intestine of humans ().Upon formation, 3MI becomes systemically circulated, yet displays preferential pneumotoxicity, with high selectivity for Clara and epithelial cell damage ().In addition to intestinal formation, … Lung slices were prepared from male Sprague-Dawley rats using an agarose gel instilling technique with a Krumdieck tissue slicer and cultured for 24 h in a dynamic organ culture system. Annexin A5 7%. C57BL/6N mice were treated to induce tolerance, to modulate the mixed function oxidase system or to deplete glutathione (GSH) before injection with 400 mg 3-methylindole (3MI)/kg. In the case of ruminants excessive 3MI production causes selective pulmonary toxicity which can be … ), in the case of inhaled agents, and the extensive perfusion of the lung with blood in the case of blood-borne chemicals (Witschi, 1976; … 3-Methylindole (3MI) is constitutively produced by anaerobic bacterial fermentation of tryptophan in mammalian intestines. A methanogenic consortium, enriched from wetland soil completely mineralized 13 mg of 3-methylindole within 35 days (1). When exposed to natural sunlight the aqueous rate constant for the photolysis of 3-methylindole was measured as 0.18 hr-1 with a half life of 3.8 hours (1). Odor pollution is one of the seven public nuisances prevalent worldwide causing continuously increasing public complaints over the last decades. Previous work has shown that bioactivation of the cigarette smoke pneumotoxicant 3-methylindole (3MI) by pulmonary cytochrome P450 enzymes is directly 3-MI has been shown to cause acute lung injury in both … 201-471-7: FORMULA: C 9 H 9 N: MOL WT. 3MI toxicity is species-, tissue- and cell-specific and is an excellent model for understanding the processes of chemically-induced lung injury. Registry Numbers. 3-Methylindole (3MI) is a highly selective pneumotoxicant that is present in abundant amounts (as high as 1.4 µg/cigarette) present in cigarette smoke. GHS Hazard Statements: H302 (92.68%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]H335 (97.56%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; … 3-METHYLINDOLE: PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION. The toxicity was ameliorated by pretreatment with 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT). 3-Methylindole (3MI), an abnormal metabolite of tryptophan, causes acute pulmonary edema and emphysema. Classification Code. Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure. ... 3-methyleneindolenine 15%. Toxicol Sci. Transfected BEAS-2B cells that express different cytochrome P450 enzymes were used to assess whether human bronchial epithelial cell lines are target cells for 3-methylindole (3MI)-induced damage. Skatole is a pulmonary toxin that induces the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulated genes, such as cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), in human bronchial cells. Abstract. Rumen-generated toxins, such as 3-methylindole (3MI), may also be an important BRD-propagating factor. CAS NO. The removal efficiency of 3-methylindole could reach 96.2% when initial concentration of 3-methylindole was 20 mg/L, the absorbed dose was 3 kGy, and initial pH was 3.

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